Smaili, M.C., Abbassi, M., Boutaleb, J.A., & Blenzar, A. 2013 Natural enemies associated with Citrus spp. in orchards in Morocco: potential for biological control. Bulletin OEPP/EPPO Bulletin 43(1):155–166
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Notes: Original title: Richesse spécifique des ennemis naturels associés aux vergers d’agrumes au Maroc: Intérêt et implication pour la lutte biologique. This paper describes the species richness of natural enemies found associated with Citrus spp. orchards in Morroco from 2001 to 2011. The parasitoids Aphytis hispanicus Mercet, Aphytis lepidosaphes Compere, Aphytis melinus De Bach, Aphidius spp., Cales noacki Howard, Comperiella bifasciata Howard, Leptomastix dactylopii Howard, Citrostichus phyllocnistoides Narayanann et Semielacher petiolatus Girault, were the most widely found. The following species had a notable limiting effect on specific pest populations: A. melinus on Aonidiella aurantii Maskell; C. noacki on Aleurothrixus floccosus Maskell; C. phyllocnistoides and S. petiolatus on Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton. Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann was only parasitised by Psyttalia concolor Szepligeti, but this did not lead to observable population reduction. The predators Adalia decempunctata L., Aphidoletes aphidimyza Rondani, Chrysoperla carnea Stephens, Coccinella septempunctata L., Cybocephalus spp., Episyrphus balteatus DeGeer, Rodolia cardinalis Mulsant, Rhyzobius lophantae Blaisdell, Scymnus spp. and Stethorus punctillum Weise, were the most abundant. The ladybird S. punctilllum and certain species of the genera Euseius, Iphiseius, Phytoseiulus, Neoseiulus and Typhlodromus reduced mite populations. Conservation and inclusion of beneficial species in the integrated pest management programs in Moroco is required in citrus orchards. Some of the species from this inventory, in particular those which are introduced and recognised as effective in biological
