Sharma, A., & Muniappan, R. 2021 Ecology and Management of Paracoccus marginatus (Papaya Mealybug) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in the Indian Subcontinent - Achievements, and Lessons. Indian Journal of Entomology 83: DoI.: 10.5958/IJE.2021.43
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Notes: Locally available natural enemies when tested as biological-management agents were ineffective. Five potential parasitoids, (all Encyrtidae) were obtained from Mexico in 1999. In the Indian subcontinent, three parasitoids were first released in Sri Lanka in 2009 and in Tamil Nadu, India in 2010. They established well in the field and in five months they regulated the population of P. marginatus. Acerophagus papayae was found playing a major role in managing populations.
