Podsiadlo, E. 2002a A discussion on the location of the anterior and posterior thoracic spiracles on Coccinea.. Bollettino di Zoologia Agraria e di Bachicoltura (Milano) 33(2001-3): 73-75.
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Notes: [Special Issue: Proceedings of the ISSIS IX International Symposium on Scale Insect Studies held at The University of Padua, Italy, Sept. 2-8, 2001.] In the superfamily Coccoidea, the number of thoracic spiracles is reduced to two pairs. On members of most scale insect families, these pairs of spiracles are generally considered to be located either near the anterior margins of the meso- and metathorax or in the intersegmental furrows between the pro- and mesothorax and between the meso- and metathorax. However, on Diaspididae, the anterior pair of spiracles is here considered to have migrated onto the prothorax.
