Neuenschwander, P., & Markham, R.H. 2001 Biological control in Africa its possible effects on biodiversity.. Evaluating Indirect Ecological Effects of Biological Control. CABI Publishing Wallingford, UK 261 pp.

Notes: [Key papers presented at the First International Symposium held at Montpellier, France, 17-20 October 1999.] Biological control efforts in tropical Africa have been most often directed at invading exotic species and are conducted in rapidly changing landscapes, in which the flora, fauna and ecological interactions are imperfectly known. Faced with major threats to food production and ecosystem destruction, biological control practitioners have been obliged to take a pragmatic approach to minimize the risks of undesirable ecological effects. Workshops convened under the auspices of the Inter-African Phytosanitary Council and the FAO brought together local stakeholders and international agencies to develop the various projects on classical biological control. Target species discussed include Phenacoccus manihoti and Rastrococcus invadens.