Ishaq, M., Usman, M., Asif, M., & Khan, I.A. 2004 Integrated pest management of mango against mealy bug and fruit fly.. International Journal of Agriculture & Biology 6(3): 452-454.

Notes: Mango mealy bug (Drosicha stebbingi) and fruit fly (Dacus zonatus [Bactrocera zonata] and Dacus dorsalis [Bactrocera dorsalis]) are serious pests of mango and are difficult to control by insecticides. Testing several treatments developed an IPM strategy. The treatments to control mealy bugs were: chemical control, biological control, cultural control and mechanical control. The chemical control treatments include spraying with Folidol [parathion] 0.4% and metasystox [demeton-S-methyl] 0.4%; and stem injection using folidol at 0.20 ml and metasystox at 0.20 ml. The biological control treatment included placing burlap bands in trunks to encourage the increase in the population of the predator, Sumnius renardii [S. vestita]. Cultural control included egg exposure, and removal of infested soil around the trees and burying away from the orchard. Mechanical control included the use of sticky bands and burning of female insects along the stickybands. The treatments to control mango fruit fly included: methyl eugenol traps at frequencies of 2, 4 and 6 traps per hectare. The sticky bands along with burning and burying treatments significantly reduced the incidence of infestation by mango mealy bug (0.00-15.79%). Burlap bands reduced populations of mango mealy bug nymphs by 78.98%. Methyl eugenol traps were extremely effective to trap and kill fruit fly. Stem injection could achieve a very high level of mortality of sucking insects (98%). The mortality rates achieved with insecticide sprays were up to 55%. The non-chemical methods have been found superior in mealy bug and fruit fly control.