Dervišević, M., Stojanović, A., Simonović, M., & Graora, D. 2019 First Report of Tritrophic Relationships among Soft Scale Physokermes hemicryphus (Dalman, 1826) (Hemiptera), Polyembryonic Parasitoid Pseudorhopus testaceus (Ratzeburg, 1848) (Hymenoptera) and the Predator Anthribus nebulosus Forster, 1770 (Coleoptera). Acta Zoologica Bulgarica 71(2): 305-307
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Notes: In the Belgrade region of Serbia, the simultaneous presence of Pseudorhopus testaceus parasitoid larvae and Anthribus nebulosus larvae has been registered on Physokermes hemicryphus. In addition to the scales’ eggs, larvae of A. nebulosus also feed on larvae of the parasitoid P. testaceus. Competitive interactions between these two species, which are natural enemies of P. hemicryphus, have now been shown.
