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Notes: Scale species reviewed include Icerya purchasi, Orthezia insignis, Nipaecoccus nipae, Planococcus citri, Pseudococcus longispinus, Ceroplastes floridensis, C. sinensis, Coccus hesperidum, C. viridis, Eucalymnatus tesselatus, Parasaissetia nigra, Protopulvinaria pyriformis, Saissetia coffeae, S. oleae, Aonidiella aurantii, Aspidiotus nerii, Chrysomphalus aonidum, C. dictyospermi, C. pinnulifer, Hemiberlesia rapax, Lepidosaphes beckii and L. gloverii; geographical distribution; host plants; general appearance, including color photographs; life history; damage; economic importance; natural enemies.