Valid Names Results

Vryburgia amaryllidis (Bouché, 1837) (Pseudococcidae: Vryburgia)

Nomenclatural History

Coccus amaryllidis Bouché 1837: 99. Type data: THE NETHERLANDS: Poeldyk [= Poeldijk], on Amaryllis sp.. Neotype, female, by subsequent designation (BenDovCo1990,80). Type depository: Auckland: New Zealand Arthropod Collection, Landcare Research, New Zealand; London: The Natural History Museum, England, UK; accepted valid name
Coccus liliacearum Bouché 1844: 300. Type data: THE NETHERLANDS: Poeldyk [= Poeldijk], on Amaryllis sp.. Neotype, female, by subsequent designation (BenDovCo1990,80). Type depository: London: The Natural History Museum, England, UK; junior synonym (discovered by BenDovCo1990, 80).
Coccus liliaceorum Bouché, 1844; Signoret 1869: 860. misspelling of species epithet
Dactylopius liliacearum (Bouché, 1844); Signoret 1875c: 319. change of combination
Pseudococcus liliacearum (Bouché, 1844); Fernald 1903b: 104. change of combination
Pseudococcus lounsburyi Brain 1912: 179. Type data: SOUTH AFRICA: Kenilworth, on Agapanthus africanus. Syntypes, female, Type depository: London: The Natural History Museum, England, UK; Pretoria: South African National Collection of Insects, South Africa; junior synonym (discovered by BenDovCo1990, 80). Illustr.
Trionymus lounsburyi (Brain, 1912); Fullaway 1923: 308. Type depository: London: The Natural History Museum, England, UK; change of combination
Trionymus crini Hall 1923: 11. Type data: EGYPT: Cairo, on Crinum sp. and Port Said, on Narcissus sp.. Syntypes, female, Type depository: London: The Natural History Museum, England, UK; junior synonym (discovered by Hall1925, 20). Illustr.
Pseudococcus (Trionymus) peregrinus Green 1925: 40. Type data: ENGLAND: Exbury, on Nerine fluxuosa. Lectotype, female, by subsequent designation (BenDovCo1990,80). Type depository: London: The Natural History Museum, England, UK; junior synonym (discovered by Willia1985, 387).
Trionymus amaryllidis (Bouché, 1837); Lindinger 1934d: 587. change of combination
Erium amaryllidis (Bouché, 1837); Lindinger 1935a: 122. change of combination
Erium peregrinum (Green, 1925); Lindinger 1935a: 122. change of combination
Pseudococcus amaryllidis (Bouché, 1837); Borchsenius 1949: 120. change of combination
Chorizococcus peregrinus (Green, 1925); McKenzie 1960: 701. change of combination
Chorizococcus microporus McKenzie 1960: 699. Type data: U.S.A.: California (taken in quarantine at Hawaii), on succulent plant. Holotype, female, Type depository: Washington: United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, District of Columbia, USA; junior synonym (discovered by McKenz1964, 225).
Chorizococcus lounsburyi (Brain, 1912); Williams 1962: 19. change of combination
Vryburgia lounsburyi (Brain, 1912); De Lotto 1967: 22. change of combination
Chorizococcus lounsbury (Brain, 1912); Marotta 1987a: 108. misspelling of species epithet
Vryburgia amaryllidis (Bouché, 1837); Ben-Dov & Cox 1990: 80. change of combination

Common Names

lily bulb mealybug McKenz1960
succulent mealybug McKenz1960
crinum mealybug AbdRabEv2021

Ecological Associates

Hosts:

Families: 8 | Genera: 26

Amaryllidaceae

Agapanthus | BenDov1994 Marott1987a
Agapanthus africanus | BenDov1994 Brain1912 McKenz1967 | (= Agapanthus umbellatus)
Agapanthus praecox | JansenAl2023 | subsp. orientalis
Amaryllis | BenDov1994 Bouche1844 Tsalev1968
Clivia | BenDov1994 McKenz1967
Crinum flaccidum | BenDov1994 Willia1985
Crinum x powellii | BenDovSa2015
Cyrtanthus | JansenAl2023 | (=Vallota)
Hippeastrum | BenDov1994 Willia1962
Narcissus | BenDov1994 McKenz1967
Nerine undulata | BenDov1994 Green1925 | (= Nerine fluxuosa)
Scadoxus puniceus | BenDov1994 Willia1985 | (= Haemanthus natalensis)
Sprekelia | BenDov1994 Willia1962
Sternbergia | BenDov1994 Hall1925
Zephyranthes | BenDov1994 Zimmer1948

Asparagaceae

Dracaena reflexa | JansenAl2023 | var. angustifolia
Scilla | JansenAl2023
Yucca | BenDov1994 Willia1985

Asphodelaceae

Aloe | McKenz1967
Gasteria | BenDov1994 McKenz1967
Haworthia | BenDov1994 McKenz1967

Crassulaceae

Crassula | JansenAl2023
Echeveria | JiSu2012

Cyperaceae

Cyperus | BenDov1994 Hall1925

Iridaceae

Iris | BenDov1994 Ferris1950b

Liliaceae

Tulipa | JansenAl2023

Poaceae

Arundo | BenDov1994 Hall1925
Brachypodium | BenDov1994 Marott1987a
Cynodon dactylon | BenDov1994 Hall1925

Foes:

Families: 1 | Genera: 1

Encyrtidae

Anagyrus fusciventris | Zimmer1948 | (= Anagyrus nigricornis)

Associates:

Families: 1 | Genera: 1

Betaproteobacteria

Candidatus Tremblaya princeps | ChoiLe2022

Geographic Distribution

Countries: 20

Afghanistan | KozarFoZa1996

Australia

Queensland | BenDov1994 Willia1985
South Australia | BenDov1994 Willia1985

Bulgaria | BenDov1994 Tsalev1968

Crete | Argyri1983 BenDov1994

Egypt | BenDov1994 EzzatNa1987 Hall1923

France | Foldi2001

Germany | BenDov1994 Bouche1837

Greece | PellizChMi2015

Hawaiian Islands

Hawaii | BenDov1994 Ferris1950b McKenz1960 McKenz1967 Zimmer1948

Iran | KozarFoZa1996

Israel | BenDovSk2003

Italy | BenDov1994 LongoMaPe1995 Marott1987a Marott1992

Sicily | Longo2012

Kenya | BenDov1994 DeLott1958a

Netherlands | BenDov1994 BenDovCo1990

New Zealand | BenDov1994 Cox1987

Portugal | FrancoRuMa2011 KozarFr1995

South Africa | BenDov1994 Brain1912

Spain | BenDovSa2015

United Kingdom

England | BenDov1994 Willia1962 WilliaMa2012

United States

California | BenDov1994 DownieGu2004 Ferris1950b McKenz1967

Keys

EvansAb2023: pp.8-13 ( Adult (F) ) [Pseudococccidae of Egypt]
MoghadWa2022: pp.134 ( Adult (F) ) [Vryburgia species in Iran]
Hodgso2020: pp.32-34 ( Adult (M) ) [higher groups of Pseudococcidae]
Suh2019a: pp.2-6 ( Adult (F) ) [mealybugs interepted in S. Korea]
Willia1985: pp.387 ( Adult (F) ) [Australia]
Brooke1976: pp.422 ( Adult (F) ) [Australia]
McKenz1967: pp.89 ( Adult (F) ) [U.S.A., California]
DeLott1967: pp.22 ( Adult (F) ) [South Africa]
McKenz1964: pp.220 ( Adult (F) ) [North America]
Ezzat1962a: pp.68 ( Adult (F) ) [Egypt]
McKenz1961: pp.17 ( Adult (F) ) [North America]
Beards1960: pp.213 ( Adult (M) ) [Hawaii]
McKenz1960: pp.695 ( Adult (F) ) [North America]
Ferris1953a: pp.483 ( Adult (F) ) [North America]
Ferris1950b: pp.252 ( Adult (F) ) [North America]
Borchs1949: pp.93 ( Adult (F) ) [Palaearctic region]
Zimmer1948: pp.257 ( Adult (F) ) [Hawaii]

Remarks

Systematics: In Danzig & Gavrilov-Zimin, this species was transferred to Atrococcus, but we are leaving it as Vryburgia until we have more information.
Structure: Live females are characterized by a dark purple body, covered with a thin layer of powdery white wax and with 2 pairs of caudal filaments, of which the posterior pair is longer and broader than the anterior. They have a large ovisac containing pink eggs that covers the entire body. The morphological features of fixed slide-mounted females consist of an elongated body with almost parallel-sides.Dorsum with cerarii located on the last 2 abdominal segments; anal lobe cerarius with 2 quite large, conical setae, 5-10 slender auxiliary setae and 20-30 trilocular pores; preanal cerarius with 2 conical setae and 1-3 slender auxiliary setae and 3-10 trilocular pores. Anal ring apical with 6 setae. Multilocular disc pores absent. Trilocular pores evenly distributed over the entire dorsum. Scattered simple circular pores. Oral rim tubular ducts arranged in 3 or 6 transverse rows across each abdominal urite, except for segment IX. Smaller oral collar tubular ducts arranged sparsely in rows across abdominal urites; larger oral collar ducts moderately numerous to numerous on abdominal urites IV- VIII, moderately numerous on the margins of most other segments. Body setae moderately long and slender. Venter with 8-segmented antennae. Well developed legs, without denticles on tarsal claws; hind femora and tibiae with translucent pores. Absent circulus. Multilocular disc pores present in midregion of abdomen and around vulva, arranged in rows across postmedian edges of abdominal urites IV-VII and antero-median edge of VII, and scattered over median areas of thorax. Widely distributed trilocular pores. Scattered simple circular pores. Oral rim tubular ducts present in limited numbers along lateral areas of most abdominal urites, and in clusters on the thorax. Smaller oral collar tubular ducts in rows across median areas of abdominal urites II-VII, and a few on median areas of thorax. The larger oral collar ducts numerous on median areas of abdominal urites V- VII, and in large marginal groups on most body segments. Small and slender body setae. (Longo, 2012)
Biology: James (1937a) showed that reproduction is sexual (in laboratory population in England) and evaluated its sex ratio. Living on the bulbs of the host plant.
Economic Importance: In the more temperate regions of the world, this mealybug often causes concern in greenhouses on plants of the families Liliaceae, Iridaceae and Agavaceae. The propagation of African lilies by seeds is strongly encouraged because seeds are not infested by the mealybug. (Longo, 2012)
General Remarks: Description and illustration of adult female by Ferris in Zimmerman (1948) (as Trionymus lounsburyi), Ferris (1950b), McKenzie (1967) and by Cox (1987). Description and illustration of adult male by Beardsley (1960) (as Trionymus lounsburyi).

Illustrations

Longo2012

Citations

AbdRab2001d: biological control, distribution, 1370
AbdRabEv2021: distribution, host, 44
Argyri1983: distribution, host, 366
Beards1960: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 239-240
BenDov1994: catalog, 538-539
BenDov2012: catalog, distribution, host, 38, 44
BenDovCo1990: distribution, host, taxonomy, 80
BenDovSa2015: distribution, host, 315
BenDovSk2003: distribution, host, 60
Borchs1949: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 120-121
Bouche1837: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 99-101
Bouche1844: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 300-301
Brain1912: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 179-182
ChoiLe2022: endosymbiont, phylogeny, 358,359
Cocker1897: distribution, host, 201
Cox1987: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 97-98, 225
DeLott1958a: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 96-97
DeLott1964: description, taxonomy,
DeLott1967: taxonomy, 22
DowellGiJe2016: distribution, 120
DownieGu2004: distribution, host, molecular data, phylogeny, 258-259
EvansAb2023: distribution, host, illustration, key, taxonomy, 6, 7, 11, 27, 92
EzzatNa1987: distribution, 89
Fernal1903b: taxonomy, 104
Ferris1950b: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 271-272
Ferris1953a: distribution, host, taxonomy, 484
Foldi2001: distribution, 303-308
Fossel1972: phylogeny, taxonomy, 199
FrancoRuMa2011: distribution, 21-22,25
Fullaw1923: taxonomy, 308
Green1925: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 40-41
Hall1923: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 11-12
HardyGuHo2008: molecular data, phylogeny, taxonomy, 51-71
Hodgso2020: key, 34
JansenAl2023: dispersal, host, 36
JiSu2012: distribution, host, 1-5
KondoWa2022a: distribution, host, list, 25
KozarFoZa1996: distribution, host, 64
LaflinGuPa2004: distribution, host, 475-477
Lindin1934d: taxonomy, 587-588
Lindin1935a: taxonomy, 122
Longo2012: description, distribution, host, illustration, 17-19
LongoMaPe1995: distribution, 121
Marott1987a: distribution, host, 108
Marott1992a: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 98-99
McKenz1960: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 699-701
McKenz1964: taxonomy, 225
McKenz1967: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 103-105
Moghad2013: distribution, host, illustration, structure, taxonomy, 6, 92-94, 100
Moghad2013a: distribution, host, 75
MoghadWa2022: diagnosis, distribution, illustration, key, taxonomy, 11, 134, 136-137, 149
MohammGh2008: distribution, 156
PellizChMi2015: distribution, 64,72
RosenbSaSa2012: ecology, molecular data, physiology, 2357-2368
Sassce1915: distribution, host, taxonomy, 29
Signor1869: catalog, taxonomy, 860
Signor1875c: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 319-320
Suh2019a: key, 4
Timber1919: biological control, 197-231
TrenchTo2014: distribution, 66, 67
Tsalev1968: distribution, host, 206
Walker1852: taxonomy, 1081
Watson2021: distribution, 527
WatsonMi2017: dispersal, 35
Willia1962: distribution, host, taxonomy, 19, 21
Willia1985: distribution, host, taxonomy, 387-388
Willia2017a: catalog, list of species, 248, 249
WilliaBe2009: catalog, taxonomy, 8,29
WilliaBe2015: taxonomy, 165
WilliaMa2012: distribution, illustration, taxonomy, 84, 85, 87
Zimmer1948: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 257, 260-263