Valid Names Results

Uhleria araucariae (Maskell, 1879) (Eriococcidae: Uhleria)

Nomenclatural History

Eriococcus araucariae araucariae Maskell 1879: 218. Type data: NEW ZEALAND: South Island, Governor's Bay, near Christchurch, 1879. Syntypes, female, by original designation Type depository: Auckland: New Zealand Arthropod Collection, Landcare Research, New Zealand; Christchurch: Canterbury Museum, New Zealand; Washington: United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, District of Columbia, USA; accepted valid name
Rhizococcus araucariae araucariae (Maskell, 1879); Comstock 1881a: 339-340. change of combination Illustr.
Uhleria araucariae araucariae (Maskell, 1879); Cooke 1881: 41. change of combination Illustr.
Eriococcus araucariae minor Maskell 1895a: 21. Type data: AUSTRALIA: New South Wales, Manly, on Kunzea capitata. Syntypes, female, Type depository: Auckland: New Zealand Arthropod Collection, Landcare Research, New Zealand; Washington: United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, District of Columbia, USA; junior synonym (discovered by KondoGu2022a, 404).
Criococcus araucariae araucariae; Rutherford 1915: 110-111. misspelling of genus name
Nidularia araucariae araucariae (Maskell, 1879); Lindinger 1933a: 108. change of combination
Eriococcus araucariae nuda Gómez-Menor Ortega 1957: 79. Type data: SPAIN: Tolox (Málaga), on Cycas sp. Unknown type status, female, junior synonym (discovered by KondoGu2022a, 404). Notes: According to Izquierdo (personal communication, June 21, 1996) there is no type material of this subspecies in the MNCN.
Acanthococcus araucariae araucariae (Maskell, 1879); Tereznikova 1981: 19-20. change of combination Notes: Miller & Miller (1992) erroneously placed araucariae Maskell in Acanthococcus as a new combination, not knowing that Tereznikova had already done so.
Acanthococcus araucariae minor (Maskell, 1895); Miller & Gimpel 1996: 598. change of combination
Acanthococcus araucariae nudus (Gómez-Menor Ortega, 1957); Miller & Gimpel 1996: 595. change of combination requiring emendation of specific epithet for agreement in gender
Eriococcus araucaria araucaria Maskell, 1879; Kozár & Konczné Benedicty 2008a: 148. misspelling of species epithet
Uhleria araucariae minor (Maskell, 1895); Kozár 2009: 107. change of combination
Uhleria araucariae nudus (Gómez-Menor Ortega, 1957); Kozár 2009: 107. change of combination
Acanthococcus araucariae (Maskell, 1879); Hodgson & Miller 2010: 99. revived combination (previously published)
Uhleria araucariae araucariae (Maskell, 1879); Kozár, Kaydan, Konczné Benedicty & Szita 2013. revived combination (previously published)
Ulheria araucariae; Pellizzari, et al. 2015: 66. misspelling of genus name

Common Names

araucaria mealybug WilliaWi1988
araucaria pest Newste1907a
araucaria scale Westco1973
felted pine coccid Kohler1998
Norfolk Island pine eriococcin MillerGo1975
Norfolk Island pine scale KirkCo1909
cochinilla algodonosa de la araucaria KondoGu2022a
escama de fieltro de la araucaria KondoGu2022a

Ecological Associates

Hosts:

Families: 6 | Genera: 7

Araucariaceae

Araucaria | BenDov2013 Hoy1963 MillerMi1992
Araucaria angustifolia | Hoy1963 KozarKaKo2013 | (= Araucaria brasiliensis, Araucaria braziliana)
Araucaria araucana | Hoy1963 | (= Araucaria imbricata)
Araucaria bidwillii | Hoy1963 KozarKaKo2013
Araucaria columnaris | Cohic1956 Hoy1963 WilliaWi1988 | (= Araucaria cookii)
Araucaria cunninghamii | Hoy1963 WilliaWi1988
Araucaria excelsa | Afifi1968 Hoy1963 MifsudMaRu2014
Araucaria heterophylla | WilliaWa1990
Araucaria hunsteinii | WilliaWa1990

Cupressaceae

Cupressus | SureshMo1996
Juniperus | MillerMi1992 | Juniperus is probably an accidental host (Miller & Miller, 1992).

Cycadaceae

Cycas | GomezM1957 | color is described as "rojo vinoso" spanish

Myrtaceae

Kunzea capitata | Hoy1963 Hoy1963

Pinaceae

Pinus pinea | Hoy1963

Poaceae

Eleusine indica | WilliaWa1990

Foes:

Families: 2 | Genera: 4

Coccinellidae

Cryptolaemus | GordonHi1990
Cryptolaemus montrouzieri | Bartle1978 Valent1967
Halmus chalybeus | Bartle1978 | (= Orcus chalybeus)
Rhyzobius ventralis | Bartle1978

Mymaridae

Alaptus eriococci | Peck1963

Geographic Distribution

Countries: 54

Algeria | Hoy1963

Argentina | Hoy1963

Australia | Hoy1963

New South Wales | Hoy1963

Azores | FrancoRuMa2011 Hoy1963

Bermuda | HodgsoHi1991 MillerGo1975

Brazil | Hoy1963

Canary Islands | BenDov2013 Hoy1963 MatileOr2001

Chile | Hoy1963

Colombia | CaballGoRa2019

Cook Islands | WilliaWa1990

Costa Rica | Hoy1963

Croatia | MastenSi2008

Cuba | Hoy1963

Czech Republic | KozarKaKo2013

Egypt | AbouEl2001 EzzatNa1987 Hoy1963 Newste1907a

Fiji | Hoy1963 MillerMi1992

France | Foldi2001 Hoy1963

Germany | Hoy1963

Greece | Hoy1963

Guatemala | MillerGo1975

Hawaiian Islands | Hoy1963

Hawaii | Nishid2002
Kauai | Nishid2002
Maui | Nishid2002
Molokai | Nishid2002
Oahu | Nishid2002

India | Hoy1963

Karnataka | Varshn1992
Tamil Nadu | SureshMo1996

Iran | KozarFoZa1996

Israel | BenDov2012 Bodenh1924 Bytins1966

Italy | Hoy1963 LongoMaPe1995

Sicily | Hoy1963 LongoMaPe1995

Kenya | DeLott1967a

Madeira Islands | FrancoRuMa2011 Hoy1963

Malaysia | Hoy1963

Malta | Hoy1963 MifsudMaRu2014

Mauritius | WilliaWi1988

Mexico

Ciudad de México | Miller1996 MillerGo1975

Monaco | KozarKaKo2013

Morocco | Hoy1963

Netherlands | Hoy1963

New Caledonia | Hoy1963

New Zealand | Hoy1963 Newste1907a

Nicaragua | MillerGo1975

Panama | MillerGo1975

Papua New Guinea | WilliaWa1990

Philippines

Luzon | Lit1997b

Portugal | FrancoRuMa2011 Hoy1963

Puerto Rico & Vieques Island | Miller2005 MillerGo1975

Russia | Hoy1963

Sardinia | LongoMaPe1995

South Africa | Hoy1963 Newste1907a

Spain | BenDovSa2015 GomezM1957 Hoy1963

Sri Lanka | Hoy1963 Newste1907a

Turkey | Hoy1963

United Kingdom | Malump2006

United States

California | MillerMi1992 Newste1907a
Connecticut | MillerMi1992
District of Columbia | MillerMi1992
Florida | MillerMi1992
Massachusetts | MillerMi1992
Missouri | MillerMi1992
New York | MillerMi1992
Pennsylvania | MillerMi1992
Texas | MillerMi1992

Uruguay | MillerGo1975

Vanuatu (=New Hebrides) | WilliaWa1990

Venezuela | Hoy1963

Zimbabwe | Hoy1963

Keys

CaballGoRa2019: pp.6-7 ( Adult (F) ) [Eriococcid species from Colombia]
HodgsoMiCa2014: pp.163 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to Eriococcidae from New Caledonia (modified after Williams, 2007)]
GonzalNi2014: pp.7 ( Adult (F) ) [Species of Acanthococcus in Argentina] Key as: Acanthococcus araucariae
KozarKaKo2013: pp.580 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to species of Uhleria]
Willia2007a: pp.1352 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to adult female species of Eriococcus from New Caledonia] Key as: Eriococcus araucariae
KondoHaCo2006: pp.34-35 ( Adult (F) ) [Revised key to adult females of the Eriococcidae of Chile] Key as: Eriococcus araucariae
HodgsoMi2002: pp.193 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to adult females of genera and species of Eriococcidae known from Chile] Key as: Eriococcus araucariae
MarottPrLo2001: pp.75 ( Life Stages ) [Slide mounted specimens]
Koszta1996: pp.228 ( Adult (F) ) [Acanthococcus species of Northeastern North America] Key as: Acanthococcus araucariae
TangHa1995: pp.520, 654 ( Adult (F) ) [Rhizococcus species] Key as: Rhizococcus araucariae
Gill1993: pp.156 ( Adult (F) ) [Acanthococcus species of California] Key as: Acanthococcus araucariae
MillerMi1992: pp.3 ( Adult (F) ) [North American species of Acanthococcus] Key as: Acanthococcus araucariae
MillerGo1975: pp.138 ( Adult (F) ) [Eriococcus species of Chile] Key as: Eriococcus araucariae
Danzig1971d: pp.822 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to species of family Eriococcidae] Key as: Rhizococcus araucariae
Afifi1968: pp.203 ( Adult (M) ) [Eriococcidae] Key as: Eriococcus araucariae
Danzig1964: pp.632 ( Adult (F) ) [Rhizococcus species of USSR] Key as: Rhizococcus araucariae
Hoy1962: pp.31 ( Adult (F) ) [New Zealand species of Eriococcidae] Key as: Eriococcus araucariae
Ferris1955a: pp.95-97 ( Adult (F) ) [North American species of Eriococcus] Key as: Eriococcus araucariae

Remarks

Systematics: Slide-mounted adult female with: marginal enlarged setae noticeably longer than other dorsal setae; enlarged setae with truncate apices; microtubular ducts with bifurcate orifice; hind tibia with 4 setae, front tibia with 5 (Miller & Miller, 1992).
Structure: Newly mature adult female brownish-yellow with 1 pair of purple stripes on sublateral area of dorsum; old females purple. Eggs are yellow (Miller & González, 1975). Ovisac felted, oval, white and covering insect (Williams & Watson, 1990).
Biology: Adult males are active in August. The collection data indicate two generations per year (Gill, 1993). In the United States, it occurs out-of-doors only in the warmer parts of the country (Miller & Miller, 1992). The species has a worldwide distribution wherever Araucaria is grown. The large amounts of honeydew produced by the insect provides a medium for sooty molds which often blacken the host foliage (Williams & Watson, 1990).
Economic Importance: A widespread ornamental pest, E. araucariae has been carried all over the world, but is most likely from Australia (Hoy, 1962).
General Remarks: An early description and illustration are provided by Ferris (1955a) and subsequent detailed description and illustration are provided by Williams & Watson (1990) and by Miller & Miller (1992). Brief description of Uhleria araucariae minor by Maskell (1895a). Brief description of Uhleria araucariae nudus by Gómez-Menor Ortega(1957). Miller & Miller (1993a) also deal with the relationships of this species. Citation list is not complete because this species is cited in hundreds of places.

Illustrations

MillerGo1975

MillerSt2022

Citations

AbdRabEv2021: distribution, host, 27
AbouEl2001: distribution, host, 187
Afifi1968: description, illustration, structure, taxonomy, 8, 26, 167-171
Ali1970: catalog, distribution, host, taxonomy, 76
Almeid1974: distribution, host, 60
Arnett1985: distribution, economic importance, 239
BaetaN1947: taxonomy, 134
BaetaN1954: distribution, host, 192
Balach1927: distribution, host, 188
Balach1930a: distribution, host, 184
Balach1939: distribution, host, 267
Balach1946: distribution, 216
Ballou1926: catalog, distribution, host, 22
Ballou1936a: distribution, host, 6
Ballou1945: distribution, host, 14, 92
BarbagBiBo1995: distribution, 42
Bartle1978b: biological control, distribution, host, 129
BenDov1985: taxonomy, 175
BenDov1985a: distribution, host, 187
BenDov2012: catalog, distribution, host, 33, 43
BenDov2013: distribution, host, 72
BenDovSa2015: distribution, host, 314
BhasinRo1954: distribution, host, 81
Bianch1940: biological control, 386
BiezanFr1939: distribution, host, 9
Bodenh1923: distribution, host, 118-120
Bodenh1924: description, distribution, host, life history, 77-78
Bodenh1927b: distribution, host, 81
Bodenh1935: distribution, 251
Bodenh1953a: description, distribution, host, 116-117, 159
Borchs1949: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 7, 383
Borchs1950b: distribution, host, 123
Borchs1963a: host, 280, 281
Borchs1973: host, 280
Borg1919: distribution, host, 13, 46
Borg1922: host, 402
Borg1932: distribution, host, 17
Brain1915: taxonomy, 149
BrainKe1917: distribution, 182
Brick1910: distribution, host, taxonomy, 506
Brick1912: host, 6
Brooke1957: distribution, host, taxonomy, 88
Brown1967: distribution, host, 130
BrunerScOt1945: catalog, distribution, host, 16
Bytins1966: distribution, host, 31
CaballGoRa2019: distribution, host, key, 6-7
CarnerPe1986: distribution, host, 49, 64
Carnes1907: distribution, host, taxonomy, 172
CebeciKu2005: distribution, host, 97-102
Charli1972: distribution, host, 216
Cocker1894: taxonomy, 31
Cocker1896b: taxonomy, 323
Cocker1896b: taxonomy, 323
Cocker1899q: distribution, 164
Cocker1900i: taxonomy, 595
Cohic1956: host, 3, 53
Cohic1958: distribution, host, 8, 20
Colema1903: host, taxonomy, 73, 80
Colvee1882: description, host, taxonomy, 7-10
Comsto1881a: description, distribution, host, 339-340
Comsto1883: host, taxonomy, 137
Cooke1881: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 41
CostaL1928: distribution, host, 105
CostaL1930a: distribution, host, 86
CostaL1936: distribution, host, taxonomy, 178
Costan1950: distribution, host, 4
Craw1896: distribution, host, taxonomy, 40
Danzig1964: taxonomy, 632
Danzig1971d: taxonomy, 822
DeLott1967a: distribution, host, 117
DeitzTo1980: distribution, taxonomy, 5, 45
DoAC1923: distribution, host, 7
DowellGiJe2016: distribution, 116
Draper1907: chemical control, description, distribution, host, 12-13
EHG1897: biological control, distribution, 77
Efimof1937: taxonomy, 10
Ehrhor1916: taxonomy, 235
Essig1915a: distribution, host, taxonomy, 120
Essig1926: distribution, host, 274
Essig1931: distribution, host, 292,294,305,594
EzzatNa1987: distribution, taxonomy, 88
Fernal1903b: taxonomy, 71
Fernan1981: distribution, host, 48
Ferris1920b: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 16
Ferris1955a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 96, 100
Foldi2001: distribution, economic importance, 305, 307
FoldiGe2018: distribution, 11
FrancoRuMa2011: distribution, 15-16,25
Frogga1900: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 101
Frogga1916: distribution, host, taxonomy, 427
Frogga1921a: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 72
Fullaw1920: biological control, distribution, 240
Fullaw1923: taxonomy, 305
Fullaw1932: distribution, 112
Fuller1901: distribution, host, taxonomy, 107-108
Fulmek1943: biological control, catalog, distribution, 32, 56, 60, 72
Gill1993: description, distribution, economic importance, host, illustration, taxonomy, 156, 159
GirolaAr1925: distribution, host, 38
GomezM1935: taxonomy, 2153
GomezM1937: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 346, 350-354, 422
GomezM1946: description, distribution, taxonomy, 96
GomezM1957: distribution, host, 79
GomezM1958a: distribution, host, 8
GomezM1967O: distribution, host, 134
GomezM1968: distribution, host, 552
GonzalCh1968: distribution, 110
GonzalNi2014: key, 7
GordonHi1990: biological control, 271
Gourla1930: biological control, distribution, host, 8
Goux1936a: taxonomy, 356
Goux1944: host, taxonomy, 137
GranarCl2003: distribution, 632
Green1896: distribution, host, 7
Green1922: description, distribution, economic importance, host, illustration, taxonomy, 347, 348
Green1923b: distribution, host, taxonomy, 87
Green1937: catalog, distribution, economic importance, host, taxonomy, 296
Hall1922: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 6-7
Hall1923: distribution, host, taxonomy, 32
Hall1925: distribution, host, taxonomy, 18
Hall1926a: distribution, taxonomy, 36
Hall1937: distribution, host, taxonomy, 123
Hartma1916: distribution, host, taxonomy, 94
Haywar1943: distribution, host, 71-72, 81
HertinSi1972: biological control, distribution, host, 131
Hodgso2020: key, male, 43
HodgsoHa2013: phylogeny, taxonomy, 797
HodgsoHi1990: distribution, host, 3
HodgsoHi1991: distribution, host, taxonomy, 142
HodgsoLa2011: distribution, host, 27
HodgsoMi2010: host, taxonomy, 99
HodgsoMiCa2014: distribution, taxonomy, 152, 163
HosnyEz1957: distribution, host, 331
Hoy1962: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 6, 8, 31, 40, 192
Hoy1963: catalog, distribution, host, taxonomy, 69-72
Huber1986: biological control, 208
Jancke1955: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 287-288
JansenAl2023: dispersal, host, 28,34
JohnsoLy1976: distribution, host, illustration, life history, 74-75
JohnsoLy1988: distribution, host, illustration, 90, 91
KaydanUlEr2007: catalog, distribution, host, 90-106
Kirk1908: biological control, distribution, 118
KirkCo1909: distribution, 276
KirkCo1909a: distribution, host, 4
Kirkal1902: distribution, 102
Kirkal1904: biological control, distribution, host, 226
Kohler1998: catalog, distribution, host, taxonomy, 396-397
KondoGu2022e: biology, control, diagnosis, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 404-406
KondoHaCo2006: distribution, host,
KondoWa2022a: distribution, host, list, 20
Koszta1996: description, distribution, host, illustration, life history, taxonomy, 33, 228-230
Kozar2009: distribution, taxonomy, 107,113,114
KozarFoZa1996: distribution, 64
KozarKaKo2013: description, distribution, host, illustration, structure, taxonomy, 580-583
KozarKo2008a: taxonomy, 148
KozarWa1985: catalog, distribution, 75
KozarWiKo2009: taxonomy, 1
Kuhlga1898: taxonomy, 187
Kunkel1967: distribution, host, 47
Laing1933: distribution, host, 676
Leonar1901a: taxonomy, 411-415
Leonar1918: distribution, host, 215
Leonar1920: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 427
Lepage1938: catalog, distribution, host, taxonomy, 379
LepineMi1931: distribution, host, 254
Lindin1911a: host, taxonomy, 7, 20
Lindin1912b: host, taxonomy, 72
Lindin1918: distribution, 52
Lindin1930: distribution, host, 102
Lindin1931: distribution, host, 121
Lindin1933a: taxonomy, 108
Lindin1935: taxonomy, 134
Lindin1943b: host, taxonomy, 223
Lindin1958: taxonomy, 368
Lit1997b: distribution, host, illustration, 89, 92-93
Lizery1938: distribution, 349
Lobdel1937: taxonomy, 75-80
LongoMaPe1995: distribution, 121
LongoMaPe1999a: distribution, 148
Lounsb1898: distribution, 35
Lounsb1914: taxonomy, 6
Lounsb1916: taxonomy, 86
Lounsb1922: taxonomy, 206
MacGil1921: distribution, host, taxonomy, 145
Malump2006: distribution, economic importance, host, taxonomy, 243-244
Mamet1943a: distribution, host, taxonomy, 145
Mamet1948: distribution, host, 15
MarottPrLo2001: distribution, key, life history, morphology,
Martin1985: distribution, host, 91
Maskel1879: distribution, host, taxonomy, 218
Maskel1884: distribution, taxonomy, 134-135
Maskel1887a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 93
Maskel1892b: distribution, 71
Maskel1895a: distribution, host, taxonomy, 21,64
MastenSi2008: catalog, distribution, host, 105-119
MatileOr2001: distribution, 190
Merril1953: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 119
MifsudMaRu2014: distribution, host, 513
MilleHeCa2016: distribution, economic importance, host, natural enemies, 145
Miller1918: biological control, 15
Miller1925: description, distribution, host, illustration, 35
Miller1996: catalog, distribution, host, 79
Miller2005: distribution, 491
MillerGi1996: taxonomy, 598
MillerGi2000: biological control, catalog, description, distribution, economic importance, host, life history, taxonomy, 125-131
MillerGo1975: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 138-140
MillerMi1992: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 3, 9-12
MillerMi1993: distribution, illustration, taxonomy, 9, 11
MillerMi1993a: taxonomy, 247, 249
MillerSt2022: illustration, 3
MilonaKoKo2008a: distribution, 143-147
Misra1924CS: distribution, host, 346
Moghad2013a: distribution, host, 55
Moghad2018b: distribution, 519
MohammMoMo1997: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 192-193, 203-206, 22
Morris1919: taxonomy, 68-69
MunroFo1936: catalog, distribution, host, 86
Myers1922: distribution, taxonomy, 198
Nakaha1981a: distribution, host, 405
NanDeWu2013: phylogenetics, 174
Neves1936: distribution, host, 173, 210
Newell1921: distribution, host, taxonomy, 128
Newste1906: distribution, host, 69
Newste1907a: chemical control, description, distribution, host, 12-13
Nishid2002: catalog, list of species, 143
Nur1967a: chemistry, distribution, host, 159
OuvrarKo2009: host, phylogeny, structure, taxonomy, 102-118
Peck1963: biological control, 934
Pelliz2011: distribution, 312
PellizChMi2015: distribution, 59,66,71
PellizFo1996: distribution, 120
PellizGe2010a: distribution, economic importance, host, 478,488,505
PellizKo2011: distribution, 66
PerezGCa1985: distribution, 317
Pierce1917: distribution, economic importance, host, 25
PooleGe1997: taxonomy, 354
Pope1981: biological control, distribution, host, 21
Puttar1954a: biological control, 59
Quilis1935: host, taxonomy, 631
Ramakr1919a: distribution, host, 46
Ramakr1919b: distribution, host, 92
Ramakr1930: distribution, host, taxonomy, 55
Rasina1955: distribution, 69
Reyne1961: taxonomy, 131
Reyne1964: taxonomy, 101
RidleyBaBu2000: distribution, host, 35
Riley1894: distribution, host, life history, 71
RossPeSh2010: physiology, 5
Russo1993: distribution, 148
Ruther1915a: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 110-111
Saakya1954: taxonomy, 23
Schmid1939: taxonomy, 129
Seabra1942: distribution, 2
SilvadGoGa1968: catalog, distribution, host, 159
Silves1939: taxonomy, 683-684
Simmon1957: catalog, distribution, host, 11
Stimme1987: distribution, host, 23
StoetzMi1979: catalog, taxonomy, 6
SureshMo1996: distribution, host, 258
SzitaFeBe2017: distribution, host, 468
Takaha1952: distribution, host, 10
TangHa1995: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 520, 522-523, 654
Terezn1981: host, taxonomy, 19, 20
Thomso1922: biological control, distribution, host, 337
Timber1919: biological control, distribution, 227
Timber1919a: biological control, distribution, 190
Timber1920: host, 227
Timber1924: biological control, distribution, 431
TimberEhSw1921: taxonomy, 608
Trabut1910: distribution, illustration, taxonomy, 70-71
Trabut1911: distribution, host, illustration, 53
TranfaEs1985: distribution, host, 113, 115, 119
TranfaPeMa1985: distribution, host, 123
UlgentDo2019: distribution, host, 484
UlgentErYa2022: distribution, host, S115
Valent1967: biological control, distribution, 1104
Varshn1992: distribution, host, taxonomy, 33
VernalRoGa1971: distribution, host, 37-42
VieiraCaPi1983: distribution, host, 136
Watson2021: distribution, 524
Weber1930: taxonomy, 265-266
Westco1973: distribution, host, 387
Willia2007a: description, distribution, host, 1351-1353
Willia2017a: catalog, list of species, 235
WilliaWa1990: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 50-51, 216
WilliaWi1988: distribution, host, 47
Wise1977: distribution, taxonomy, 96
Zimmer1948: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 283-286