Valid Names Results
Rastrococcus spinosus (Robinson, 1918) (Pseudococcidae: Rastrococcus)Nomenclatural History
- Phenacoccus spinosus Robinson 1918: 145. Type data: PHILIPPINES: Luzon, Lagua, Paete, on Ficus nota. Syntypes, female, accepted valid name Notes: Type material probably lost, see Williams, 1989.
- Puto spinosus (Robinson, 1918); Morrison 1920: 165. change of combination
- Ceroputo spinosus (Robinson, 1918); van der Goot 1928: 4. change of combination
- Rastrococcus spinosus (Robinson, 1918); Ferris 1954a: 55. change of combination
Common Names
- philippine mango mealybug LitCa1994a
- Philippine mango mealybug LitCa1994a
- Cochinilla harinosa del mango de las Filipinas KondoSaWa2022
Ecological Associates
Hosts:
Families: 19 | Genera: 25
- Anacardiaceae
- Anacardium occidentale | BenDov1994 Willia1989 Willia2004a
- Mangifera indica | Morris1920 Willia2004a
- Mangifera odorata | Willia1989 Willia2004a
- Semecarpus cuneiformis | Willia2004a
- Annonaceae
- Annona muricata | Willia2004a
- Apocynaceae
- Plumeria | Willia1989 Willia2004a
- Tabernaemontana | Morris1920 Willia2004a
- Araceae
- Araceae | BenDov1994 Willia1989
- Arecaceae
- Cocos nucifera | Willia1989 Willia2004a
- Nypa | Willia2004a
- Nypa fruticans | Willia1989
- Calophyllaceae
- Calophyllum | Willia1989
- Clusiaceae
- Garcinia mangostana | Willia1989 Willia2004a
- Costaceae
- Costus | Willia2004a
- Euphorbiaceae
- Hevea brasiliensis | Willia1989 Willia2004a
- Lythraceae
- Duabanga moluccana | Willia2004a
- Malvaceae
- Theobroma cacao | KhooOoTu1991
- Meliaceae
- Lansium parasiticum | Willia1989 Willia2004a | (= Lansium domesticum)
- Moraceae
- Artocarpus altilis | Willia1989 Willia2004a
- Artocarpus heterophyllus | Willia1989 Willia2004a
- Ficus ampelas | Willia1989 Willia2004a
- Ficus fulva | Willia2004a
- Ficus nota | Robins1918
- Myrtaceae
- Eugenia | Willia2004a
- Psidium guajava | Green1922 Willia1989 Willia2004a | (= Psidium pumilum)
- Syzygium aqueum | Willia1989 Willia2004a | (= Eugenia aquea)
- Phyllanthaceae
- Antidesma montanum | Morris1920 Willia2004a | (= Antidesma leptocladum)
- Antidesma velutinosum | Willia2004a
- Poaceae
- Poaceae | BenDov1994 Willia1989
- Rubiaceae
- Coffea | Kalsho1981
- Rutaceae
- Citrus | Willia1989 Willia2004a
- Sapindaceae
- Guioa pleuropteris | Willia2004a
Foes:
Families: 3 | Genera: 4
- Aphelinidae
- Coccophagus | KondoSaWa2022
- Coccophagus pseudococci | KondoSaWa2022
- Coccinellidae
- Cryptolaemus montrouzieri | Leefma1929
- Encyrtidae
- Anagyrus mangicola | KondoSaWa2022
- Gyranusoidea epos | KondoSaWa2022
Geographic Distribution
Countries: 13
- Bangladesh | Varshn1992 Willia1989 Willia2004a
- Brunei | Willia1989 Willia2004a
- India | Varshn1992
- Indonesia
- Bali | Willia1989 Willia2004a
- Java | Betrem1937 Green1922 Willia2004a
- Lombok | Willia2004a
- Sulawesi (=Celebes) | Willia1989 Willia2004a
- Sumatra | Willia2004a
- Kampuchea (=Cambodia) | Willia2004a
- Laos | Willia1989 Willia2004a
- Malaysia | Willia2004a
- Sabah | Willia2004a
- Pakistan | Varshn1992
- Philippines | Willia1989 Willia2004a
- Luzon | LitCa1994a
- Singapore | Willia1989 Willia2004a
- Taiwan | Takaha1928
- Thailand | Willia2004a
- Vietnam | Willia1989 Willia2004a
Keys
- Suh2019a: pp.2-6 ( Adult (F) ) [mealybugs interepted in S. Korea]
- Willia2004a: pp.715-716 ( Adult (F) ) [Rastrococcus species of southern Asia]
- Tang1992: pp.410 ( Adult (F) ) [China]
- Willia1989: pp.439 ( Adult (F) ) [World]
Remarks
- Systematics: Slide-mounted adult female. Rastrococcus spinosus can be differentiated from congeners by the following combination of features: 17 pairs of cerarii, each on a sclerotized base; those on head and at apex of abdomen each larger than width of anal ring, rest of cerarii smaller; larger intermediate cerarii present, some on sclerotized bases, on abdominal segments I–IV, plus smaller intermediate cerarii, each with 2–5 cerarian-type setae on head and thorax; ventral quinquelocular pores of 2 size types, large quinquelocular pores in more or less double rows around body margin, and in groups between the antennae; small quinquelocular pores evenly distributed on venter; and multilocular disc pores on medial areas of segments V–VIII, but sometimes on small area around vulva, or absent from abdominal segment V. (Kondo, et al., 2022) Williams, 2004 studied Green's slides and found that Green's distribution record in Sri Lanka was based on misidentification of material of R. invadens and R. taprobanicus and is not present in Sri Lanka.
- Structure: Adult females yellowish, covered by a white powdery secretion, with 17 pairs of marginal waxy tufts around body margin, with those on posterior apex longest. Insects often found inside tree nests of the Asian weaver ant Oecophylla smaragdina (Fabricius). Specimens tended by weaver ants often partially devoid of wax dorsally. (Kondo, et al., 2022) Moharana (1990) reported chromosome number 2n=10.
- Economic Importance: Biology and pest status on coffee presented by Le Pelley (1968).
- General Remarks: Description and illustration of adult female by Morrison (1920), Williams (1989) and by Williams (2004a).
Illustrations
Citations
- AusafAh1973: chemical control, distribution, 205-206
- BenDov1994: catalog, 439
- Betrem1937: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 91-93
- Buchne1957a: structure, symbionts, 113-123
- Buchne1965: structure, taxonomy, 270-271
- Calkin1983: distribution, economic importance, 321
- ChoiLe2022: endosymbiont, phylogeny, 358, 359, 362
- Ferris1954a: taxonomy, 55
- Flande1936: distribution, host, 196-197
- Gavril2018: reproduction, 226
- Goot1928: taxonomy, 4
- Green1922: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 394
- HardyGuHo2008: molecular data, phylogeny, taxonomy, 51-71
- KhooOoTu1991: distribution, economic importance,
- KondoLoQu2010: biological control, 7-13
- KondoSaWa2022: diagnosis, distribution, illustration, natural enemies, taxonomy, 211
- KondoWa2022a: distribution, host, list, 25
- KotejaPyVo2003: structure, taxonomy, 253
- LitCa1994a: distribution, host, 395
- MahmooMoKa1980: biological control, distribution, host, 291-294
- Mohara1990: structure, 48
- Morris1920: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 165-166
- RenAsHu2017: DNA, phylogeny, 5, 6
- Robins1918: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 145-146
- Suh2019a: key, 4
- Takaha1928: distribution, host, 335-336
- Tang1992: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 413-414
- Tang2001: distribution, 3
- TangHaTa1992: distribution, host, 7
- Varshn1992: distribution, host, 47
- Willia1989: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 471-474
- Willia2004a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 735-738
- Willia2017a: catalog, list of species, 250
- WilliaMa2012: illustration, 84
- WilliaMa2012: distribution, host, 91
- ZarkanApTu2021: distribution, host, 187
