Valid Names Results

Crisicoccus seruratus (Kanda, 1933) (Pseudococcidae: Crisicoccus)

Nomenclatural History

• Pseudococcus seruratus Kanda 1933a: 133. Type data: JAPAN: Yokohama, on roots of Obelicea serurata. Syntypes, female, Type depository: Yokohama: S. Kanda Collection, Asano Senior High School, Kanagawa-ku, Japan; accepted valid name
• Pseudococcus matsumotoi Siraiwa 1935: 66. Type data: JAPAN: Hokkaido, Niigata, Tokyo, Shizouka, Shimane, Okayama, Ehime and Fukuoka Prefectures, on pear, walnut, fig and maple. Syntypes, female, junior synonym (discovered by TanakaKa2022b, 558). Notes: Type material lost. S. Takagi, 1989, personal communication to Y. Ben-Dov.
• Pseudococcus astericola Shinji 1936: 49. Type data: JAPAN: Morioka, Iwate-ken, on Aster indicus. Syntypes, female, junior synonym (discovered by Kanda1941d, 24). Notes: Type material lost. S. Takagi, 1989, personal communication to Y. Ben-Dov.
• Crisicoccus seruratus (Kanda, 1933); Paik 1978: 186. change of combination
• Crisicoccus matsumatoi (Siraiwa, 1935); Kawai 1980: 107. Type data: JAPAN: Tokyo, Tachikawa, Fujmi-cho, on Zelkova serrata, 05/08/1962, by S. Kawai. Neotype, female, by present designation Type depository: Tokyo: Laboratory of Tropical Plant Protection, University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan; change of combination Notes: Most of Kanda’s specimens are deposited in Osaka Museum of Natural History, Japan (OMNH); however, a lengthy search was made for type specimens of this species in almost all of the Coccomorpha collections in Japan (including Osaka Museum of Natural History) but none could be found; Tanaka and Kamitani, therefore, concluded that all the type specimens of C. seruratus described by Kanda have been lost. A neotype was designated in Tanaka & Kamitami, 2022b: an adult female mounted with other 9 adult females on a slide (KTUA). Illustr.

Common Names

Ecological Associates

Hosts:

Families: 13 | Genera: 15

Geographic Distribution

Keys

• TanakaKa2022b: pp.567 ( Adult (F) ) [Japanese Crisicoccus species]
• Tang1992: pp.348 ( Adult (F) ) [Palaearctic & Oriental regions] Key as: Crisicoccus matsumotoi
• Kawai1980: pp.107 ( Adult (F) ) [Japan] Key as: Crisicoccus matsumotoi

Remarks

• Systematics: Kawai (1980) regarded C. seruratus as a synonym of C.matsumotoi (Siraiwa, 1935), but selected the latter as the valid name, although the former was described earlier. Paik (1978) regarded C. seruratus and C. matsumotoi as distinct species and his interpretation is understood by Tanaka & Kamitani, 2022b to indicate that two species were confused as one for many years. The designation of a neotype of this species was necessary because the original description is not informative, complicated taxonomic problems are associated with the species, and the type material has been lost. One of the specimens used in this redescription is designated the neotype for taxonomic stability. The neotype specimen was obtained from a tree of Zelkova serrata in the Kanto region of Japan, which is the same area where the primary type series for C. seruratus were collected. The morphology of this type specimen agrees well with the original description. (Tanaka & Kamitani, 2022b)

  GenBank contains 78 gene nucleotide sequences for C. matsumotoi and three gene nucleotide sequences for C. seruratus. However, there is an uncertainty about the validity of the sequences which refer to C. matsumotoi because according to Tanaka and Kamitani (2022) previously specimens identified as C. matsumotoi may be a misidentification of the newly described species Crisicoccus ezzat or Spilococcus pacificus (Borchsenius). Moreover, according to Park, Leem, et al. (2010) and Park et al. (2011), the sequence analyses of C. matsumotoi revealed that the specimens of the species showed substantial genetic difference, possibly reflecting cryptic species overlooked by taxonomic classification. However, there is an uncertainty about the validity of the identification of some specimens by Park, Leem, et al. (2010) as C. matsumotoi (= C. seruratus). Taking into account that the validity of some sequences is questionable, the only identification method that can be considered as valid is morphological. (EFSA2024b)

• Structure: Adult female 3‒4 mm long, dark purple covered with a white powdery wax. Projections of the wax secretion from body margin not so developed and limited to a few segments of posterior part of body. The body contents of this species turn blue black to dark green in 10% potassium hydroxide solution(Kawai 1980, translated in Tanaka & Kamitani, 2022b).
• Biology: C. seruratus is multivoltine and in Japan has three generations per year (EFSA2024b). It is an oviparous or ovoviviparous species and reproduces sexually (Shiraiwa, 1935).
• General Remarks: Good description and illustration of the adult female given by Kanda (1933a). Redescription and illustration in Tanaka & Kamitani, 2022b.

Illustrations

Citations