Valid Names Results

Ceroplastes stellifer (Westwood, 1871) (Coccidae: Ceroplastes)

Nomenclatural History

Vinsonia pulchella Signoret 1869: 868. nomen nudum
Coccus stellifer Westwood 1871a: iii. Type data: ENGLAND: Pant y Goitre, Abergavenny, on Cypripedium niveum, imported from the west coast of SIAM [=THAILAND].. Syntypes, female, Type depository: Oxford: Hope Entomological Collections, University Museum, England; accepted valid name Notes: Unmounted female syntypes are available at the Natural History Museum, Oxford, UK (Yair Ben-Dov, visit at OXUM, on December 15, 2002).
Coccus stellifer; Westwood 1871a: 1006. subsequent use
Vinsonia pulchella Signoret 1872a: 34. Type data: REUNION ISLAND: on Mangifera indica.. Syntypes, female, Type depository: Vienna: Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Austria; junior synonym (discovered by Signor1877a, 608).
Vinsonia stellifera (Westwood, 1871); Douglas 1888b: 152. change of combination
Ceroplastes stellifer (Westwood, 1871); Lindinger 1913: 81. change of combination
Vinsonia stelifera (Westwood, 1871); Seabra 1925: 38. misspelling of species epithet
Vinsonia estellifera (Westwood, 1871); Gomez-Menor Ortega 1929: 4. misspelling of species epithet
Vinzonia stellifera; Danzig & Konstantinova 1990: 45. misspelling of genus name
Vinsonia pulohella Signoret, 1872; Tang 1991: 311. misspelling of species epithet
Vinsonia stellftra Tang, 1991; Tang 1991: 312. misspelling of species epithet
Vinsonia steliftra; Tang 1991: 312. subsequent use Notes: Incorrect citation of "Signoret" as author.
Winsonia stellifera; Fernandes 1993: 111. misspelling of genus name
Ceroplastes stellifer (Westwood, 1871); Peronti, Sousa-Silva & Granara de Willink 2008: 177. revived combination (previously published)
Ceroplastes stellifera (Westwood, 1871); Hodgson & Peronti 2012: 154-155. emendation that is unjustified

Common Names

stellate scale BenDov1993 HamonWi1984
Escama blanda estrellada PerontKo2022
glossy scale PerontKo2022
Sternschildlaus PerontKo2022

Ecological Associates

Hosts:

Families: 23 | Genera: 50

Anacardiaceae

Mangifera | Hodgso1994a Ramakr1919a
Mangifera indica | Ali1971 Almeid1973b Cocker1892a Cocker1892b Cocker1893k DanzigKo1990 DeLott1965a Green1896 Green1909a Green1937 KondoKa1995 Mamet1943a Nakaha1983 ShafeeYoKh1989

Apocynaceae

Alstonia scholaris | Ali1971 Green1909a Green1937
Nerium oleander | LagowsGoHo2022
Plumeria rubra | Mamet1943a | (= Plumeria acutifolia)
Tabernaemontana pandacaqui | WilliaWa1990 | (= Ervatamia orientalis)

Araliaceae

Fatsia | JansenAl2023
Schefflera | QinGu1994
Schefflera arboricola | MatileEt2006 MatsunHoKu2019 PerontSoGr2008
Schefflera heptaphylla | DengLiWa2014 | (= Schefflera octophylla)

Arecaceae

Cocos | HodgsoHi1990 HodgsoHi1991
Cocos nucifera | Ali1971 Cocker1893k DeLott1965a Green1896 Green1909a Green1937 Nakaha1983 Ramakr1919a Ramakr1930 ShafeeYoKh1989
Dypsis lutescens | Malump2014a
Licuala | JansenAl2023
Phoenix dactylifera | Varshn1992

Asparagaceae

Asparagus aethiopicus | CorseuBa1971

Aspleniaceae

Asplenium | Cocker1896k

Clusiaceae

Clusia | Cocker1896k
Garcinia | Ballou1926 HamonWi1984
Garcinia indica | Ali1971 Ramakr1930 ShafeeYoKh1989
Garcinia mangostana | HamonWi1984 Hempel1904
Garcinia spicata | Ali1971 Green1909a Green1937 HamonWi1984
Garcinia subelliptica | WuWa2019
Tovomita longifolia | NormarOkMo2019

Ebenaceae

Diospyros | TaoWoCh1983
Diospyros discolor | WuWa2019

Lauraceae

Cinnamomum camphora | Jansen1995
Persea americana | Mamet1943a

Meliaceae

Azadirachta indica | JansenAl2023

Moraceae

Artocarpus | Beards1966
Ficus | Green1896
Ficus benghalensis | Mamet1943a

Musaceae

Musa | Hodgso1994a

Myrtaceae

Calyptranthes thomasiana | MalumpBaCo2019
Eucalyptus | Nakaha1983
Eugenia | Mamet1943a
Syzygium | AvasthSh1986
Syzygium aqueum | Mamet1943a | (= Eugenia aquea)
Syzygium cumini | Ali1971 AvasthSh1986 Mamet1943a Newste1914 ShafeeYoKh1989 | (= Eugenia jambolana)
Syzygium jambos | Ali1971 Mamet1943a MestreHaEv2011 Ramakr1919a Ramakr1930 ShafeeYoKh1989 | (= Eugenia jambos)
Syzygium samarangense | WuWa2019

Orchidaceae

Brassia caudata | MestreHaEv2011
Broughtonia sanguinea | Cocker1895a
Cattleya | Nakaha1983
Epidendrum | Jansen1995
Epidendrum ciliare | Nakaha1983
Orchidaceae | HodgsoHi1990
Paphiopedilum niveum | Ali1971 Cocker1893k | (= Cypripedium niveum)
Polystachya concreta | MestreHaEv2011 | (= Maxillaria purpurea)
Stanhopea | Cocker1895u Willia2010

Phyllanthaceae

Antidesma bunius | Ali1971 Green1909a Green1937
Bischofia javanica | WilliaWa1990

Poaceae

Oryza sativa | MestreHaEv2011

Primulaceae

Ardisia polycephala | Cocker1893k

Pteridaceae

Adiantum | CorseuBa1971

Rubiaceae

Coffea | Kondo2013
Ixora coccinea | PerontSoGr2008

Rutaceae

Acronychia | Cocker1893gg | (= Jambolana)
Citrus | HodgsoHi1990 HodgsoHi1991
Citrus aurantium | Ali1971 ShafeeYoKh1989
Citrus maxima | WilliaWa1990 | (= Citrus grandis)
Citrus sinensis | GithaeOnNd2021
Glycosmis pentaphylla | Ali1971 Green1909a
Rutaceae | DanzigKo1990

Sapotaceae

Manilkara zapota | HamonWi1984 MestreHaEv2011 | (= Achras sapota)
Palaquium | Green1907 Mamet1943a
Palaquium formosanum | WuWa2019
Pouteria caimito | Hempel1900a

Strelitziaceae

Ravenala madagascariensis | Nakaha1983

Zingiberaceae

Alpinia purpurata | WilliaWa1990

Foes:

Families: 2 | Genera: 3

Aphelinidae

Eriaphytis chackoi | Rao1980
Paraphytis maculatipennis | PerontKo2022

Encyrtidae

Anicetus ceylonensis | PerontKo2022

Geographic Distribution

Countries: 67

Angola | Almeid1973b

Antigua and Barbuda

Antigua | Malump2018 WalkerWaEv1974

Australia

Northern Territory | QinGu1994

Bahamas | BlackwPr2007

Barbados | Cocker1893k

Bermuda | HodgsoHi1990 HodgsoHi1991

Brazil

Bahia | CostaLPeWo2021
Para | PerontSoGr2008
Pernambuco | CostaLPeWo2021 PerontSoGr2008
Rio Grande do Sul | PerontSoGr2008
Rio de Janeiro | Hempel1904 PerontSoGr2008
Sao Paulo | PerontSoGr2008

British Virgin Islands | MalumpBaCo2019

Burma (=Myanmar) | PerontKo2022

Cape Verde | SchmutPiKl1978 VanHarCoWi1990

China

Yunnan | DengLiWa2014

Colombia | Kondo2001 KondoKa1995

Costa Rica | JansenAl2023

Cote d'Ivoire (=Ivory Coast) | Hodgso1994a

Cuba | Ballou1926 MestreHaEv2011

Dominican Republic | JansenAl2023

Ethiopia | DeLott1959

Federated States of Micronesia

Pohnpei Island | BenDov1993

Fiji | HodgsoLa2011

French Guiana | PerontKo2022

Germany | Schonf2015

Ghana | Kondo2013

Grenada | Cocker1896d

Guadeloupe | MatileEt2006

Guam | PerontKo2022

Guatemala | Willia2010

Guiana | Remill1988

Guyana (=British Guiana) | Jansen1995 Newste1914

Haiti | PerezG2008

Hawaiian Islands

Hawaii | MatsunHoKu2019

India | Ali1971 Mamet1943a Ramakr1919a Ramakr1930 ShafeeYoKh1989

Andhra Pradesh | Varshn1992
Karnataka | PrakasPa2015 Rao1980
Kerala | AvasthSh1986
Maharashtra | Varshn1992
Odisha (=Orissa) | Varshn1992
Tamil Nadu | Varshn1992
West Bengal | Varshn1992

Indonesia

Irian Jaya | Kalsho1981

Italy | FetykoKo2012 MazzeoLoPe2014

Jamaica | Cocker1892a Cocker1892b Cocker1893gg Cocker1893k Cocker1895a

Kenya | DeLott1965a

Laos |

Malaysia | Ali1971 Suh2023

Maldives | WatsonOoGi1995

Martinique | MatileEt2006

Mauritius | Mamet1943a

Netherlands | Jansen1995

Nicaragua | PerontKo2022

Niue | BenDov1993

Pakistan | PerontSoGr2008 Varshn1992

Palau | Mamet1943a

Panama | NormarOkMo2019

Papua New Guinea | BenDov1993

Philippines | Ali1971 Mamet1943a

Puerto Rico & Vieques Island

Puerto Rico | Martor1976 NakahaMi1981

Reunion | Cocker1894t Cocker1895a GermaiMiPa2014 Mamet1943a Mamet1957

Saint Croix | Beatty1944

Saint Lucia | Malump2012b

Sao Tome and Principe

Sao Tome | Seabra1921 Seabra1925

Seychelles | Green1907 Hodgso1994a Mamet1943a

Solomon Islands | BenDov1993

Sri Lanka | Ali1971 Cocker1895a Green1896 Green1909a Green1937 Mamet1943a

Suriname | JansenAl2023

Taiwan | Ali1971 Mamet1943a WongChCh1999

Tanzania | HodgsoPe2012

Thailand | Ali1971 Cocker1895a Suh2023

Tonga | WilliaWa1990

Trinidad and Tobago

Trinidad | Cocker1895u Cocker1896k

U.S. Virgin Islands | BenDov1993

United States

Alabama | HamonWi1984
Florida | HamonWi1984 Hodges2002b
Georgia | HamonWi1984

Venezuela | PerontKo2022

Vietnam | DanzigKo1990

Zanzibar | DeLott1965a

Keys

JoshiBhPo2021: pp.568 ( Adult (F) ) [Indian species of Ceroplastes]
WuWa2019: pp.521 ( Adult (F) ) [Ceroplastes in China]
ChoiSoLe2018: pp.6-7 ( Adult (F) ) [Coccidae in Laos]
FetykoKo2012: pp.293 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to species of Ceroplastes in the Palaearctic Region based on slide-mounted adult females]
PerontSoGr2008: pp.142-144 ( Adult (F) ) [Ceroplastes species of São Paulo, Brazil]

Remarks

Systematics: Subfamily: Ceroplasinae (Choi & Lee, 2019) Ceroplastes stellifer can be recognised by the following combination of characters: (i) more than 5 pairs of inter-antennal setae; (ii) very small loculate microducts, with primary loculus much larger than satellite loculi (when latter present); (iii) tibia and tarsus fused; (iv) pregenital disc-pores very few, even on abdominal segment VII; (v) stigmatic setae few, restricted to stigmatic cleft, with setae on margin small and roundly conical and more dorsal setae larger and sharply spinose; (vi) dorsal setae minute, when present, and (vii) caudal process rather small.
Structure: Colour photograph in Hamon & Williams (1984), Wong et al. (1999) and Peronti et al. (2008). Unmounted material. "Adult female with a semi-translucent waxy test, the margins of which are flattened and produced into seven rays that give the insect the appearance of a miniature starfish. Median area strongly convex above, the apex with an oblong pad of opaque white wax. Colour of living [mature] examples pink darkening with age to purplish red. In dried examples, this tint fades to reddish brown. Anal opercular dark brown. Margin colourless during life; yellowish in dried examples. Each ray is tipped by a fairly long conical process of opaque white wax. The median anterior ray carries a supplementary white point on each side of terminal process. The following 2 rays on each side have a well-defined median ridge. A pair of small white waxy processes project from the posterior margin immediately behind the anal aperture. Undersurface flat. After oviposition, the median area shrinks and forms a cavity for the reception of the eggs. From below, it can be seen that the median area corresponds with the cephalic lobe. The following 2 rays on each side are associated with the 2 pairs of stigmata, while the 2 remaining rays proceed from the abdominal lobes. At the extremity of each ray, below the base of the terminal process, is a fringe of minute glassy points - the remains of the earliest larval fringe. Diameter across rays: 3.5-4.5 mm." (Green, 1909). Wax almost translucent when young but becoming first pale green and then often reddish when mature; ends of each arm with white dry wax. Rather beautiful. Unmounted, with wax removed. Body round to 6-sided but with a pronounced cephalic lobe. Old individuals with almost entire dorsum sclerotised apart from lateral clear areas (anterior clear area hidden beneath anterior swelling of cephalic lobe on available material); dorsal clear area sclerotised with rest of dorsum. Caudal process about as long as broad, sclerotised. Eyespots dorsal. Ventrally, cephalic lobe on older individuals heavily sclerotised. Stigmatic clefts obscure. (Hodgson & Peronti, 2012) Mounted material. Body oval, but with anterior margin of head forming a pronounced prominence in mature specimens; stigmatic clefts shallow; dorsum without tubercles. Caudal process short and extending dorsoposteriorly. Derm membranous when young but most of dorsum covered in a sclerotised plate-like extension from caudal process in mature specimens. Ventral derm of cephalic prominence heavily sclerotised on old specimens. Length 0.8-2.0 mm, total width of mounted specimens 0.6-1.45 mm. (Hodgson & Peronti, 2012)
Economic Importance: Considered a potential threat threat to crops in Florida, USA (Hamon & Williams, 1984).
General Remarks: Description and illustration of adult female by De Lotto (1965a), Tao et al. (1983), Hamon & Williams (1984), Williams & Watson (1990), Tang (1991), Hodgson (1994a) and by Peronti et al. (2008).

Illustrations

DiazNiPiMe2023

Citations

Ali1971: distribution, host, 19
Almeid1973b: distribution, host, 6
AvasthSh1986: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 335-337
Ballou1926: catalog, distribution, host, 44
Beards1966: distribution, host, taxonomy, 497
BenDov1993: catalog, 338-339
BlackwPr2007: distribution, host, 413-414
Bordag1914: distribution, host,
ChoiLe2019: phylogeny, taxonomy, wax secretion, 402, 404
ChoiSoLe2018: diagnosis, distribution, economic importance, host, illustration, 20-21
Cocker1892a: distribution, host, 55
Cocker1892b: distribution, host, 334
Cocker1893gg: distribution, host, 373
Cocker1893j: distribution, host, 254
Cocker1893k: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 548
Cocker1894c: distribution, host, 307
Cocker1894d: taxonomy, 311
Cocker1894t: distribution, host, 178
Cocker1895a: distribution, host, taxonomy, 100-101
Cocker1895u: distribution, host, 727
Cocker1896b: distribution, taxonomy, 330
Cocker1896d: distribution, host, 307
Cocker1896k: distribution, host, iv
Cocker1899n: distribution, host, 16
Cocker1902p: distribution, host, 253
CorseuBa1971: distribution, host, 240
CostaLPeWo2021: distribution, host, illustration,
DanzigKo1990: distribution, host, 45
DeLott1959: distribution, taxonomy, 153
DeLott1965a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 234-236
DengLiWa2014: description, distribution, economic importance, host, illustration, life history, taxonomy, 278-282
DiazNiPiMe2023: diagnosis, distribution, economic importance, host, illustration, 33-34
Dougla1888c: taxonomy, 152
Esaki1940a: distribution, host, 274-280
Fernal1903b: catalog, 159
FetykoKo2012: distribution, taxonomy, 291-295
GermaiDeLa2016: list of species, 2
GermaiMiPa2014: distribution, 22
GillKo1997: distribution, economic importance, host, 161-163
GithaeOnNd2021: distribution, host, 81
GomezM1929: taxonomy, 4
Green1896: distribution, host, 8
Green1907: distribution, host, 200
Green1909a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 280-281
Green1937: catalog, distribution, host, 311
HamonWi1984: description, distribution, economic importance, host, illustration, key, taxonomy, 128-130
Hempel1900a: distribution, host, 477
Hempel1904: distribution, host, 315
Hodges2002a: description, distribution, economic importance, host, taxonomy,
Hodges2002b: distribution, host, taxonomy, 208
Hodgso1994a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 591-593
HodgsoHi1990: distribution, host, 6,15
HodgsoHi1991: distribution, host, 137
HodgsoLa2011: distribution, host, 22
HodgsoPe2012: description, distribution, host, illustration, structure, taxonomy, 155-158,243
Jansen1995: distribution, host, 134,142
JansenAl2023: dispersal, host, 23,32
JoshiBhPo2021: key, 568
Kondo2001: distribution, host, taxonomy, 43
Kondo2010: distribution, host, 41-44
Kondo2013: distribution, host, 45
KondoKa1995: distribution, host, 57-58
KondoWa2022a: distribution, host, list, 9
KondoWa2022a: distribution, host, list, 10
KozarWa1985: catalog, distribution, 79
LagowsGoHo2022: distribution, host, list, 8
Lindin1909c: distribution, host, 451
Lindin1913: taxonomy, 81
Malump2012b: distribution, 210
Malump2014a: distribution, host, illustration, 72
Malump2018: distribution, host, illustration, 55
MalumpBaCo2019: distribution, host, illustration,
Mamet1943a: distribution, host, 155
Mamet1949: catalog, distribution, host, 32
Mamet1957: distribution, host, 375
Martor1976: distribution, host, 6-257
MatileEt2006: distribution, host, 167
MatsunHoKu2019: distribution, host, 8
MazzeoLoPe2014: distribution, 58
MestreBaRo2001: distribution, host, 31-36
MestreHaEv2011: distribution, host, 6
MestreHoHa2015: distribution, host, 6
MestreKo2018: distribution, 5
Meurge2011: distribution, 80
Morris1920: distribution, host, 187
Nair1964: distribution, economic importance, host, 72
Nakaha1983: distribution, host, 7
NakahaMi1981: distribution, host, 32
Nath1972: distribution, host, 5-6
Newste1903: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy,
Newste1914: distribution, host, 306
NormarOkMo2019: distribution, host, phylogeny, taxonomy, 10,36
PellizWi2013: taxonomy, 407
PerezG2008: distribution, 213
PerontSoGr2008: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 177-178
PrakasPa2015: distribution,
QinGu1994: taxonomy, 954-955
QinGu1995: distribution, host, taxonomy, 302
QinGuBe1994: distribution, host, taxonomy, 541-549
Ramakr1919a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 30-31
Ramakr1921a: catalog, distribution, host, 347
Ramakr1930: distribution, host, taxonomy, 40-41
Rao1980: biological control, distribution, host, 41-45
Remill1988: distribution, host, 58
Schmut1990: distribution, economic importance, host, 223-226
Schmut1990a: distribution, economic importance, host,
Schmut2001: distribution, host, 339-345
SchmutPiKl1978: distribution, economic importance, host, 329
SchowaWiPr2014: ecology, 96-97
Seabra1921: distribution, host, 98
Seabra1925: distribution, host, taxonomy, 38
ShafeeYoKh1989: distribution, host, 55
Signor1869: catalog, taxonomy, 868
Signor1872a: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 34
Signor1877: catalog, description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 608
SilvaCa1977: distribution, host, 25-26
Simmon1957: catalog, distribution, host, 9
Su1982: distribution, host, 61
Suh2023: distribution, host, 4
Takaha1929: distribution, host, 69
Takaha1939b: distribution, host, 264
Takaha1942b: distribution, host, 31
Takaha1942d: distribution, host, 355
Tang1991: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 311-312
Tao1978: distribution, host, 84
Tao1989: catalog, distribution, host, 59
Tao1999: distribution, host, taxonomy, 67
TaoWoCh1983: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 98-99
VanHarCoWi1990: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 135
Varshn1985a: catalog, distribution, host, 28
Varshn1992: disease transmission, host, taxonomy, 80-81
Varshn1994: distribution, host, 346-347
VarshnMo1987: structure, taxonomy, 175
Vernal1953: distribution, host, 149
WalkerWaEv1974: distribution, host, 12, 13
Watson2021: distribution, 521
WatsonOoGi1995: distribution, host, 57
Westwo1871: taxonomy, iii
Westwo1871a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 1006
Willia2001: distribution, 225-227
Willia2010: distribution, host, 150
Willia2017a: catalog, list of species, 215
WilliaBe2009: catalog, taxonomy, 44
WilliaWa1990: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 172-174
WilliaWi1988: distribution, host, 60
WongChCh1999: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 17-18,57
WuWa2019: biology, diagnosis, distribution, host, illustration, key, 521, 531, 532
Yang1982: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 183-185
ZarkanApTu2021: distribution, host, 156