Valid Names Results

Apiomorpha munita munita (Schrader, 1863) (Eriococcidae: Apiomorpha)

Nomenclatural History

• Brachyscelis munita munita Schrader 1863: 2. Type data: AUSTRALIA: New South Wales, Kiandra, Snowy Mountains, 14/04/1975. Neotype, female, by subsequent designation (Gullan1984,30). Type depository: Canberra: Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO Entomology, Australia; accepted valid name
• Brachyscelis munita foliosa Tepper 1893: 273. Type data: not given in description. Unknown type status, unknown, junior synonym (discovered by Hoy1963, 39). Notes: Name was proposed provisionally and based solely on gall.
• Brachyscelis munita reducta Tepper 1893: 273. Type data: not given in description. Unknown type status, unknown, junior synonym (discovered by Hoy1963, 39). Notes: Description based on gall.
• Brachyscelis tricornis Froggatt 1893: 361. Type data: AUSTRALIA: Queensland, Rockwood, on Eucalyptus siderophloia, by J.J. Fletcher. Unknown type status, female, junior synonym (discovered by Frogga1921a, 131). Notes: Considered by Gullan (1984) as a nomen dubium. According to Gullan (1984) "type specimens of Brachyscelis tricornis are unknown. Froggatt probably did not designate types." Illustr.
• Apiomorpha munita (Schrader, 1863); Rübsaamen 1894: 205. change of combination
• Apiomorpha cornifex Rübsaamen 1894: 205. junior synonym (discovered by Frogga1898a, 490). Notes: Considered by Gullan (1984) as a nomen dubium. Types of Rübsaamen in the ZMHB apparently were destroyed during World War II (Gullan, 1984).
• Apiomorpha munita foliosa (Tepper, 1893); Cockerell 1896b: 328. change of combination
• Apiomorpha munita reducta (Tepper, 1893); Cockerell 1896b: 328. change of combination
• Apiomorpha tricornis (Froggatt, 1893); Cockerell 1896b: 328. change of combination
• Apiomorpha munita munitior Fuller 1899: 445. Type data: AUSTRALIA: Western Australia, near Swan River. Unknown type status, unknown, junior synonym (discovered by Hoy1963, 39). Notes: Description based on gall. Considered by Gullan (1984) as a nomen dubium.
• Brachyscelis munita elongata Lidgett 1901a: 77. Type data: AUSTRALIA: Myrniong, Victoria, Eucalyptus gonioclayx. Unknown type status, unknown, junior synonym (discovered by Gullan1984, 30). Notes: "No specimens are known from Lidgett" (Gullan, personal communication, April 29, 1998). This name has not been used since its original description in 1901 except for when it was considered as a junior synonym of Apiomorpha munita munita by Gullan (1984). Gullan does not explicitly synonymize Brachyscelis munita elongata Lidgett, but simply treats it as another reference to A. munita munita. Illustr.
• Apiomorpha munita tricornis (Froggatt, 1893); Fernald 1903b: 43. change in status (level) (discovered by Frogga1921a, 131).

Common Names

• eucalyptus four-horned gall Hockin1980

Ecological Associates

Hosts:

Families: 1 | Genera: 1

Geographic Distribution

Keys

• Gullan1984: pp.10 ( Adult (F) ) [Adult females and female galls of Apiomorpha]

Remarks

• Systematics: Slide-mounted adult female is characterized by having: abdominal segment IX longer ventrally than dorsally; abdomen attenuate not curvilinearly tapered to base of anal lobes; anal ring at least partially concealed by sclerotized shield; spine-like setae absent from segment IX; body 1.4-2.6 times as long as wide (Gullan, 1984).
• Structure: Female galls four-sided, usually with four broad, blade-like appendages (Gullan, 1984).
• Biology: Female galls are found on stems or on galls of other females. Male galls are almost exclusively on galls of females, rarely on stems, never on leaves. Often in dense aggregations giving name "vegetable coral" (Gullan, 1984). Cook & Gullan (2002) provide information on gall and insect development under glasshouse conditions (summarized in table 2, page 262).

Illustrations

Citations