Valid Names Results

Acutaspis perseae (Comstock, 1881) (Diaspididae: Acutaspis)

Nomenclatural History

Aspidiotus perseae Comstock 1881a: 305. Type data: USA: Florida, Cedar Keys, on leaves of red bay, Persea carolinensis.. Syntypes, female, Type depository: Washington: United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, District of Columbia, USA; accepted valid name Illustr.
Chrysomphalus perseae (Comstock, 1881); Leonardi 1897: 286. change of combination
Aspidiotus (Chrysomphalus) perseae Comstock, 1881; Cockerell 1897i: 22. change of combination
Pseudischnaspis perseae (Comstock, 1881); Lindinger 1911: 355. change of combination
Acutaspis perseae (Comstock, 1881); Ferris 1941d: 332. change of combination
Chrysomphalus (Acutaspis) perseae (Comstock, 1881); Merrill 1953: 38. change of combination
Acutaspis perseae (Comstock, 1881); Borchsenius 1966: 355. revived combination (previously published)

Common Names

red bay scale Comsto1881a Merril1953 MerrilCh1923

Ecological Associates

Hosts:

Families: 19 | Genera: 26

Adoxaceae

Viburnum | Ferris1941d MerrilCh1923

Aquifoliaceae

Ilex | MerrilCh1923

Araceae

Anthurium | Ferris1941d MerrilCh1923
Anthurium harrisii | Morgan1889a

Arecaceae

Cocos nucifera | Ferris1941d
Sabal | Ferris1941d
Sabal minor | NormarOkMo2019
Serenoa repens | BesheaTiHo1973

Cactaceae

Harrisia | MerrilCh1923

Celastraceae

Euonymus | Ferris1941d Lepage1938

Ericaceae

Lyonia | Merril1953 | (= Xolisma)
Lyonia ferruginea | Merril1953
Lyonia fruticosa | MerrilCh1923 | (= Xolisma fruticosa)
Lyonia lucida | TippinBe1970
Pieris phillyreifolia | Merril1953 | (= Ampelothamnus phillyreifolius)

Fabaceae

Dussia | PetersHaMo2020s1

Lauraceae

Ocotea insularis | NormarOkMo2019 | (= Ocotea ira)
Persea | Ferris1941d
Persea americana | Ferris1941d Lepage1938 | (= Persea gratissima)
Persea borbonia | BesheaTiHo1973
Persea carolinensis | Comsto1881a McDani1968 Wilson1917

Magnoliaceae

Magnolia | Ferris1941d Lepage1938 McDani1968
Magnolia grandiflora | Dekle1965c Wilson1917

Malpighiaceae

Malpighia emarginata | MartinWoCu2022

Myrtaceae

Eugenia uniflora | MartinWoCu2022
Myrcianthes pungens | CastroMoWo2024

Oleaceae

Olea | Ferris1941d
Osmanthus | Merril1953

Orchidaceae

Bletia | Ferris1941d
Laelia | Ferris1941d

Pinaceae

Pinus | Balach1951 Ferris1941d

Santalaceae

Phoradendron leucarpum | Ferris1941d | (= Phoradendron flavescens)

Theaceae

Gordonia | MerrilCh1923

Urticaceae

Cecropia pachystachya | CastroMoWo2024

Zamiaceae

Zamia | Ferris1941d
Zamia floridana | Dekle1965c
Zamia pumila | MerrilCh1923

Geographic Distribution

Countries: 11

Brazil

Espirito Santo | MartinWoCu2022
Rio Grande do Sul | Ferris1941d Lepage1938
Rio de Janeiro | Ferris1941d Lepage1938

Colombia | KondoMu2016

Cuba | Nakaha1982

France | FoldiGe2018

Mexico | Cocker1899n

Oaxaca | Ferris1941d
Sinaloa | Ferris1941d
Veracruz | Ferris1941d

Panama | NormarOkMo2019 SchneiOkNo2018

Trinidad and Tobago

Trinidad | Nakaha1982

Ukraine

Kiev Oblast | Danzig1993

United Kingdom

England | Morgan1889a

United States

Alabama | Nakaha1982
Florida | Dekle1965c Ferris1941d Merril1953 MerrilCh1923 Wilson1917
Georgia | BesheaTiHo1973 TippinBe1970
Louisiana | Nakaha1982
Mississippi | Ferris1941d Herric1911
Missouri | Hollin1923
Oklahoma | Nakaha1982
South Carolina | Nakaha1982
Tennessee | Nakaha1982
Texas | McDani1968

Venezuela | Ferris1941d | Nakaha1982

Keys

WeiScNo2021: pp.17-23 ( Adult (F) ) [Aspidiotini from Panama]
EvansWaMi2009: pp.63-67 ( Adult (F) ) [Diaspididae species found on avocado]
McDani1968: pp.202 ( Adult (F) ) [U.S.A.: Texas]
Ferris1942: pp.28 ( Adult (F) ) [North America]
Hollin1923: pp.29 ( Adult (F) ) [U.S.A.: Missouri]
Cocker1905: pp.45-46 ( Adult (F) ) [Mexico]
Newste1901b: pp.82 ( Adult (F) ) [England]
Comsto1883: pp.55-57 ( Adult (F) ) [North America]

Remarks

Systematics: The phylogenies in Schneider, et al., (2018) highlight several problematic species with questionable boundaries. Several Acutaspis species are interdigitated within the Melanaspis clade, including A. perseae, A. perseae is nested within A. morrisonorum in one instance and within A. umbonifera in another.
Structure: Scale of the female flat, rather thin, circular, with the exuviae central, color dark reddish brown; that of the male not recognized (Ferris, 1941d).
Biology: Occurring characteristically on the leaves (Ferris, 1941d).
Economic Importance: Considered a pest of red bay, Persea barbonia (Miller & Davidson, 1990), and in Bermuda of Juniperus bermudiana (Schmutterer et al., 1957). Of no economic importance in Florida (Dekle, 1976).
General Remarks: Description and illustration of adult female by Ferris (1941d) and by Tereznikova (1986).

Illustrations

Citations

Balach1951: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 594-597
BeardsDaHo1976: economic importance, 106
BenDovGe2003: catalog, 46-48
BesheaTiHo1973: distribution, host, 4
Borchs1937: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 120
Borchs1939: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 11,44
Borchs1950b: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 222
Borchs1966: catalog, 355
CastroMoWo2024: distribution, host, 2
ClapsWoGo2001a: distribution, host, taxonomy, 10
Cocker1896b: distribution, 334
Cocker1896f: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 33-34
Cocker1897i: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 22
Cocker1897k: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 90
Cocker1899n: distribution, host, 25
Cocker1905: taxonomy, 46
Comsto1881a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 305-306
Comsto1883: distribution, host, taxonomy, 65
Danzig1964: distribution, host, taxonomy, 651-652
Danzig1993: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 239-240
DanzigPe1998: catalog, 175
Dekle1965c: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 16
Dekle1976: description, distribution, economic importance, host, taxonomy, 26
EvansWaMi2009: taxonomy, 63-67
Fernal1903b: catalog, 292
Ferris1941d: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 332
Ferris1941e: taxonomy, 47
Ferris1942: taxonomy, 446:28
Foldi2001: distribution, 303-308
FoldiGe2018: distribution, 9
Gavril2018: reproduction, 233
Green1930b: taxonomy, 219
Herric1911: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 11,33-34,68
Hollin1923: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 31
KondoMu2016: distribution, host, illustration, 3
KondoWa2022a: distribution, host, list, 13
Leonar1897: taxonomy, 286
Leonar1899: taxonomy, 199,200,223
Lepage1938: catalog, 400
Lindin1909c: distribution, host, taxonomy, 449
Lindin1911: taxonomy, 355
Lindin1921: distribution, host, 428
Lindin1935: taxonomy, 149
Lindin1936c: distribution, host, 155
Lindin1957: taxonomy, 544
LongoMaPe1995: distribution, 125
MacGil1921: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 420
Maranh1946: taxonomy, 164-179
MartinWoCu2022: distribution, host, 3
McDani1968: distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 204
McKenz1939: taxonomy, 54
Merril1953: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 38-40
MerrilCh1923: description, distribution, economic importance, host, taxonomy, 225-226
MillerDa1990: distribution, economic importance, host, 300
Morgan1889a: distribution, host, taxonomy, 350
Nakaha1982: distribution, host, 4
Newste1901b: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 82,112-114
Newste1920: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 197
NormarOkMo2019: distribution, host, phylogeny, 11, S2, S6
PetersHaMo2020s1: DNA, distribution, host,
Schmut1959: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 45
SchmutKlLu1957: distribution, economic importance, host, 492
SchneiFiNo2019: key, taxonomy, 92
SchneiOkNo2018: phylogenetics, phylogeny,
Terezn1986: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 83-84
TippinBe1970: distribution, host, 8
VitoriZaMa2013: description, distribution, host, 176-179
WaltmaRaWi2016: distribution, 231
Watson2001: list, 177
WeiScNo2021: key, 21
Willia2017a: catalog, list of species, 229
Wilson1917: distribution, host, 54-55
WolffPuSi2004: biological control, distribution, host, 355-361